Retirement · Glossary
Vesting
Also called: Vesting schedule
How long you must work for an employer before its 401(k) contributions become fully yours to keep if you leave the job.
Your own contributions are always 100% vested. Employer contributions may vest all at once after up to three years (cliff vesting) or gradually over up to six years (graded vesting). Safe harbor matches vest immediately.
If you're thinking of leaving a job, check your vesting schedule first. Staying a few more weeks can sometimes mean keeping thousands of dollars in employer contributions.
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Disclaimer: Definitions are general education, not financial, tax, or legal advice. Figures are for the 2026 tax year unless noted.