Mortgage & Home · Glossary

Debt-to-income ratio (DTI)

Also called: DTI, Front-end ratio, Back-end ratio

Your monthly debt payments divided by your gross monthly income — the main measure lenders use to decide how large a loan you can afford.

Lenders look at two versions. The front-end ratio counts only housing costs (principal, interest, taxes, insurance, and HOA dues). The back-end ratio adds every other monthly debt payment: car loans, student loans, credit card minimums, and child support.

A common guideline is 28% front-end and 36% back-end. Many loan programs allow more — conventional loans can go to about 45% to 50% with strong credit, and FHA loans often allow higher ratios with compensating factors. A lender approving you for a payment doesn't mean it fits your budget.

Calculators that use this

House Affordability CalculatorHow much home you can afford based on income and debts.Mortgage CalculatorMonthly payment, PITI, and full amortization schedule.FHA Loan CalculatorFHA payment with upfront and annual mortgage insurance.Debt-to-Income Ratio CalculatorFront-end and back-end DTI against mortgage lending limits.

Disclaimer: Definitions are general education, not financial, tax, or legal advice. Figures are for the 2026 tax year unless noted.

Debt-to-income ratio (DTI)

Calculators that use this

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